Dealing with Mites in Ball Pythons – A Comprehensive Guide

Mites are a common problem that ball python owners have to deal with. These tiny parasites can cause major health issues if left untreated. In this comprehensive guide we’ll cover everything you need to know about identifying, treating, and preventing mites in ball pythons.

What are Mites?

Mites are tiny arachnids that are parasitic and feed on blood. There are a few different species that can affect ball pythons:

• Ophionyssus natricis – Most common, appears as tiny black/red dots
• Ophionyssus acertinus – Red/orange in color
• Trombiculidae mites – Also called berry bugs, red in color

These mites attach themselves to the snake and feed on their blood. A single female mite can lay thousands of eggs very quickly, leading to a rapid infestation if not controlled early

Signs Your Ball Python Has Mites

Mites can be tricky to spot due to their small size. Here are some telltale signs that your ball python may have a mite infestation:

• Tiny black, red, or orange dots on the skin – especially around the eyes, mouth, and underbelly
• Dots visible on the shed skin
• Ashy dust on the scales (mite feces)
• Dots seen floating in the water bowl
• Swelling around the eyes/face
• Restlessness, head twitching, rubbing against objects
• Lethargy and loss of appetite
• Incomplete sheds

If you spot any of these signs, it’s crucial to take action right away before the mites can multiply further.

What Causes Mites in Ball Pythons?

There are three main ways mites can infest a ball python enclosure:

• Poor sanitation – Dirty habitats allow mites to thrive. Regular cleaning and substrate changes are a must.

• Introducing new snakes – New reptiles should be quarantined for a minimum of 30 days to prevent transmitting mites. Always assume new animals have mites.

• Wild-caught snakes – Mites are very common in wild ball pythons. Use caution when acquiring wild-caught animals.

How to Get Rid of Mites

If your ball python has mites, here are some effective treatment options:

• Betadine baths – Dilute betadine solution to a light brown color. Soak snake for 1 hour daily. Avoid eyes/nose.

• Reptile sprays – Products like Reptile Relief Mite Spray are safe when used properly. Spray snake and wipe down.

• Oral ivermectin – Vets may prescribe oral ivermectin, given every 2 weeks for 2-3 doses. Very effective but can be toxic if overdosed.

• Enclosure treatments – Disinfect and replace all substrates/decor. Use paper towels temporarily so mites are easy to see.

• Repeat treatments – It often takes multiple treatments to fully eliminate all life stages of mites. Persistence is key!

Steps to Prevent Ball Python Mites

Prevention is always better than dealing with an infestation. Here are some key prevention tips:

• Quarantine new snakes for a minimum of 30 days, in a separate room if possible

• Always wash hands before and after handling snakes

• Keep enclosures very clean – spot clean daily, deeper clean monthly

• Routinely check snakes for any signs of mites

• Isolate infected snakes quickly to prevent spread

• Avoid handling wild reptiles

The Bottom Line

Mites can pose a significant threat to the health of ball pythons if an infestation isn’t addressed quickly. As a responsible snake owner, it’s important to routinely check for signs of mites and take prompt action at the first sign of trouble. With vigilant prevention measures, prompt treatment, and persistence, mites can be fully eliminated for good. Maintaining excellent sanitation and quarantine practices are key to keeping these pesky parasites away from your beloved snake.